Civil and commercial law of the region (Asia and the Middle East).d

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Which of the following prescribe(s) the general structure of governments and provide(s) protection for individual rights?
Which of the following laws create, define, and regulate legal rights and obligations?
Contracts, agency, and commercial paper are traditional business topics in the __________ category.
In a broad sense, crimes consist of two elements: __________ and __________.
For a misdemeanor case, the prosecutor typically files a(n) __________, a formal expression of the charge(s) against the defendant.
A civil action begins when a plaintiff files his or her first pleading, a(n) __________.
At the top of the judicial pyramid in all states is a court of appeals, ordinarily labeled the __________ court.
In theory, when deciding an appeal, the appellate court may take all but which of the following actions?
Which of the following is true regarding the appeals process?
Which of the following is true regarding mediation?
A free-market system cannot operate effectively and fairly without a reliable foundation in __________.
Section 2-105 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UC defines goods as __________, __________ things.
Agreements that are so thoroughly one-sided that fairness precludes enforcing them are known as __________ contracts.
A(n) __________ contract means that all parties have yet to fully perform their responsibilities.
A(n) __________ contract is created when an offeror promises to keep an offer open for a specified period and, in return, the offeree pays consideration.
Intentional untruths constitute __________ and allow the deceived party to seek rescission and restitution.
When a promisee enters into a contract with the primary purpose of making a gift to a third party, that third party is a(n) __________ beneficiary of the contract.
Often, a third party receives a benefit from a contract even though conferring that benefit was not the contracting parties’ primary purpose or intent. In this situation, the third party is known as a(n) __________ beneficiary.
Which of the following is an equitable remedy that permits the court to rewrite a contract because it did not express the parties’ true intentions?
When a court issues an order that may either require or forbid a party to perform a specified act, the court has issued a(n) __________.
Conflicts between federal law and state or local laws are most often resolved by reference to which of the following provisions of the United States Constitution?
Which of the following is correct regarding federal versus state and local regulations affecting businesses?
Administrative law technically addresses the entire ______ branch(es) of government.
Which of the following was not a federal administrative agency created in response to the Great Depression?
Which of the following are the two (2) kinds of federal administrative agencies?
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) regulations are an example of _____ rules.
Shareholder liability is restricted to the loss of their investment, which is the essence of ___________.
A sole proprietorship __________.
A hostile takeover involves acquiring control of a company in the face of strong __________.
A(n) __________ is distinguished from a for-profit business in that it is formed primarily to further a specific positive social objective, rather than to seek profit maximization.
A(n) _____ is generally hired to perform a specific task without an expectation of long-term continuous employment.
Generally, a business must provide unemployment insurance to its _____.
The enforcement guidance of the _____ does not ban employers from using criminal checks to screen applicants or current employees.
Which of the following is not a prominent common law claim that might provide a method for challenging the use of drug testing?
Which of the following pension plans provide specified monthly payments upon retirement?
Employer liability for employee injuries, accidents, or wrongs is largely dependent on whether the employee was _____ at the time of the incident in question.
Which of the following is an objective of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)?
Which of the following is a legal requirement for a valid worker’s compensation claim?
According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), an employment applicant’s prior arrest alone _____ be used by an employer in making an employment decision.
Diane, a human resource manager at a multinational corporation, discovers that one of the employees in the firm had misstated his education credentials. Diane can terminate the employee for _____.
When a country seeks to apply its own laws to foreigners, the question is whether the country has jurisdiction to __________.
In the international context, jurisdiction to __________ refers to jurisdiction to legislate.
Which of the following federal administrative agencies enforces the civil and criminal penalties for violations of the federal CAN-SPAM Act of 2003?
Which of the following is the process of building profiles of individuals by organizing all of the discrete pieces of information collected in the normal course of business?
Which of the following federal administrative agencies is charged with primary enforcement of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)?
The European Union’s (EU’s) 1998 Data Protection Directive first established the right of individual consumers to do which of the following?
Which of the following is most likely to be a standard-essential patent?
Which of the following is/are responsible for the exponential growth of copyright infringement?
Deontology is derived from the Greek work meaning __________.
Teleological ethical systems are often referred to as __________ ethical systems.
Andrew sold a painting to Henry claiming it was an original Matisse. However, Andrew had recently bought the painting from an artist who specializes in reproducing original masters. When Henry showed the painting to an arts dealer, the dealer pointed out that it was a fake. Henry is a victim of __________.
When is a contract unconscionable?
Which of the following federal agencies is primarily responsible for enforcing finance laws such as the Electronic Fund Transfer Act and the Fair Credit Billing Act?
Which of the following is not a fear associated with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s (CFPB’s) role in the finance market?
Which of the following is the federal administrative agency charged with protecting consumers from the risks in using products such as toys, lawn mowers, washing machines, bicycles, fireworks, pools, portable heaters, and household chemicals?
The Food and Drug Administration (FDcan monitor which of the following products?
Regarding the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA), which of the following is not correct?
The Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTprovides remedies for all of the following, except?
Chapter 13 of the Bankruptcy Act provides an opportunity to seek the protection of the court to arrange a debt adjustment plan for __________.
The Credit Card Accountability, Responsibility, and Disclosure Act of 2009 has which of the following key provisions?
Regarding international trade, the __________ doctrine applies the law of the jurisdiction that has the greatest interest in the issue’s outcome.
Which of the following is simply an extension of a foreign corporation into the host country?
Which of the following is an arrangement whereby a distributor agrees to sell only the goods of one (1) manufacturer, and that manufacturer agrees to sell only to that distributor in a certain geographic area?
Which of the following is a legally separate entity formed under the laws of the host country and substantially owned by the foreign parent company?
Which of the following is arguably one of the most successful international trade agreements?
Which of the following distinguishes the source of a particular good or service, regardless of whether that is accomplished by a commercial name, packaging, logo, or other distinguishing feature?
Which of the following is a monopoly on a product, process, or device where the item or process claimed is an innovation that is unique, inventive, and useful?
Which of the following provides a measure of international protection against the unauthorized reproduction of books, photos, drawings, and movies?
Regarding international trade, what is an “MNE”?
Which of the following occurs when a manufacturer sells its products in a foreign country for less than their normal value?
The Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) was created by which of the following laws?
The __________ amendments of 1970 and 1977 gave the Environmental Protection Agency (EP the power to set air quality standards and to ensure that those standards are achieved according to a timetable prescribed by the agency.
The Clean Water Act (CW was designed to accomplish all but which of the following?
The __________ Act is designed to ensure the safe movement and disposal of hazardous solid wastes.
The __________ is commonly known as the Superfund.
Through __________, individuals may challenge government environmental decisions such as the granting of a permit and generally demand both governmental and private-sector compliance with the law.
As of 2011, which of the following countries was the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world?
Which of the following is correct regarding the Kyoto Protocol?
Which of the following events is reducing the world’s carbon sink capacity?
In an environmental law context, __________ claims have been considered where crop dusting contaminated adjacent properties, toxic chemicals were improperly disposed of, and oil contaminated a nearby water well.